Unable to Recharge the prepaid meter

Solution: Connectivity Check: Confirm the meter is successfully communicating with the server. Serial Number Verification (SmartComm): Access the SmartComm Customer Master and ensure the serial number recorded matches the physical serial number of the connected meter. Duplicate Configuration Check: Verify that no two meters are incorrectly configured with the exact same serial number in the system.

Email Configuration SMTP Details Outlook

Solution: SMTP Host/Server Name: For Outlook.com: smtp-mail.outlook.com For Office 365/Microsoft 365: smtp.office365.com SMTP Port:587 (recommended) Encryption Method: STARTTLS Authentication: Your email account needs to be authenticated, so enable login or use the ""My outgoing server (SMTP) requires authentication"" option in your email client. Username: Your full Outlook email address (e.g., yourname@outlook.com or yourname@domain.com) Password: Blank

Email Configuration App Password creation for Gmail account

Reason - Gmail will work only with a secure encrypted app password Solution: Go to your Google Account settings. Navigate to the Security tab. If you don't have it enabled, turn on Two-Step Verification. Find and click on App passwords. Select an app name (like ""SMTP"" or ""Mail Client"") and click Generate. Copy the generated 16-character password and use it in your mail client's password field instead of your main Gmail password.

Email Configuration SMTP Details Gmail

Solution: Gmail SMTP Settings SMTP Server: smtp.gmail.com Port: 587: (requires STARTTLS/TLS) 465: (requires SSL) Authentication: Required Username: Your full Gmail address (e.g., user@gmail.com) Password: An App Password generated from your Google Account security settings Security/Connection: TLS or SSL, depending on the port chosen

Transfer existing sensor to a different gateway

Reason - Loss of old data stored under device id created Solution: To prevent data loss, edit the sensor and use the "Move to Gateway" option to transfer the sensor to a different gateway.

Asset list is not available in the filter

Reason - The asset is not assigned to the organization Solution: Check the asset selection settings in organization settings

Reason - Sensor/gateway limit exceeded Solution: Check license information for sensor/gateway limit

Cannot change the ip address of gateway

Reason - The ip address should is not available Solution: 1. if company network is being used check the accesibility to access 2. check if set ip is with in subnet range 3. Check if Primary and Secondary DNS is correct as per network settings 4. Set the Default Gateway IP to match the router's IP or the company network's default gateway IP.

3rd part meter not communication

Reason - 1. Memory map configuration wrong 2. (10 power -4 )Conversion factor is not available in third party memory map configuration 3. Data on modscan and software is matching but not matching with meter display readings Solution: 1. Verify data via Modscan, check wiring, confirm the meter parameter's datatype/function code in the memory map, and ensure the gateway supports that parameter datatype. 2. Can be added from conversion factor available in Master settings

Could not download certificate

Reason - All mandatory fields are not saved in organisation info settings Solution: All details should be given in mandatory field of organisation settings

Different Types of SPDs

Updated: Aug 31, 2026 | 6 min read

Technical Articles

Published: Mar 11, 2026 by Maya Pai

Technical Articles

Click on any topic to jump to that section

As per the IEC 61643- I (Standard for low voltage surge protective devices), different test waveforms have been defined to simulate the effects of the real world transients. SPDs can be classified in different categories based on survival of different test waveforms. Different types of SPDs are explained below.

Type 1 SPD

These SPDs are designed to divert excess energy caused by a surge generated due to direct lightning strikes on the power lines or on the equipment

Direct lightning strikes

To simulate direct lighting strikes situation, IEC 61643-I Standard has defined 10/350 μ s waveform type which gets applied to SPD and SPD should divert excess energy to earth and give specified voltage protection level (Up) across the load.
Application: Type 1 surge protectors shall be installed in the electrical entry panel or Main panel, this is the first stage protection for surge in electrical network.
Type 1 SPDs are typically being used to prevent insulation breakdown of equipment s whose impulse withs tand voltage capacity is between 4-6kV

Type 2 SPD

These SPDs are designed to divert excess energy ca used by a surge generated due to operational switching action or by induced lightening current.
Example of Surges due to switching operation
Induced lightning strikes (Indirect lightning Surges):

Type 2 SPD (continues)

To simulate switching surges, IEC 61643-I standard has defined 8/20 μs waveform which gets applied to SPD and SPD should divert excess energy to earth and give specified voltage protection level (Up) across the load.
These SPDs typically offer a lower surge current discharge capacity than Type 1 SPDs
Application: Type 2 surge protectors are designed to be installed at sub distribution level, this is the second stage protection for surge in an electrical network
Type 2 SPDs are typically being used to prevent insulation breakdown of Electrical Appliances (like Re frigerators, Ovens etc.) whose impulse withstand voltage capacity is between 2.5-4 kV

Type 1+2 SPD

If Type 1 SPD, in addition of 10/350μs wave shape, also gets tested for 8/20μs then these SPDs are called as Type 1+2 SPDs
Type 1+2 SPDs are combination of Type 1 & Type 2 SPD which offers protection against both direct lightning strikes and indirect lightning strikes /switching operations
Application: Type 1+2 can give protection for wider range of equipments whose Impulse withstand voltage capacity is between 2.5 6 kV
In less lightning prone places, Instead of using Type 1 SPD, One can install Type 1+ 2 SPDs in electrical entry panel or Main panel as a first stage of surge protection.

Type 3 SPD

These SPDs must be installed as a supplement to Type 2 SPD in the system to protect sensitive electronic loads, these SPDs are designed to divert excess energy ca used by a surge generated due to operational switching action or by indirect lightning strikes.
If sensitive electronic loads are present in an electric network whose impulse withstand voltage capacity is less than 1kV, Type 2 SPD alone will not be able to maintain this much low withstand voltage across the load, hence load’s insulation could breakdown. Type 3 SPD shall be used as a supplement of Type 2 SPD in this case.
For Type 3 SPD to be tested by combination of 8/20μs current Waveform and 1.2/50μs voltage waveform as per IEC 61643-I standard.

Type 3 SPD (continues)

Application: Type 3 SPDs can be used in immediate vicinity of sensitive electronic loads whose impulse withstand voltage capacity is very low typically less than 1k V. For Application like Medical imaging, cloud server etc.
Type 3 SPD is a fine protection than Type 2 SPD in terms of maintaining impulse withstand voltage level against load these days many sensitive equipment s come with inbuilt Type 3 SPD.

Summary
	Type 1	Type 1+2	Type 2	Type 3
Test waveform as per IEC 61643-I	10/350 µs	10/350 µs & 8/20 µs	8/20 µs	8/20 µs & 1.2/50 µs
Gives protection against surge occurs due to	Direct lightning strikes	Direct/Indirect lightning strikes & Switching operation	Indirect lightning strikes & Switching operation	Indirect lightning strikes & Switching operation
Typically to be used against load's impulse withstand voltage (kV)	4 - 6	2.5 - 6	1.5 - 2.5	< 1 KV
Installation location	Electrical entry panel or Main panel	Electrical entry panel or Main panel	Sub distribution level	Along with Type 2 SPD, in vicinity of sensitive loads (Post Type 2 SPD)

Summary
	Type 1	Type 1+2	Type 2	Type 3
Test waveform as per IEC 61643-I	10/350 µs	10/350 µs & 8/20 µs	8/20 µs	8/20 µs & 1.2/50 µs
Gives protection against surge occurs due to	Direct lightning strikes	Direct/Indirect lightning strikes & Switching operation	Indirect lightning strikes & Switching operation	Indirect lightning strikes & Switching operation
Typically to be used against load's impulse withstand voltage (kV)	4 - 6	2.5 - 6	1.5 - 2.5	< 1 KV
Installation location	Electrical entry panel or Main panel	Electrical entry panel or Main panel	Sub distribution level	Along with Type 2 SPD, in vicinity of sensitive loads (Post Type 2 SPD)

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About the Author

Maya Pai,

Deputy General Manager - Product Management & Marketing

Maya Pai is a seasoned Product Management and Marketing professional with over 10 years of experience in the electrical industry, specializing in low-voltage switchgear and circuit protection solutions. Her expertise lies in Molded Case Circuit Breakers (MCCBs) and DC Portfolio management, encompassing product strategy, portfolio development, market analysis, and customer-centric innovation. She has worked extensively across the product lifecycle, translating evolving market and application requirements into competitive and reliable solutions for power distribution systems. Her experience spans conventional AC protection as well as emerging DC applications, supporting the growing demand for energy storage, renewable energy integration, EV infrastructure, and industrial DC power systems. Through her work and writing, she shares insights on switchgear technologies, circuit protection, DC systems, and the future of efficient, safe, and resilient power distribution.