Selection of capacitors for detuned harmonics filters

Selection of capacitors for detuned harmonics filters
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How to select the capacitor voltage and kVAr for detuned harmonics filter application?

Typically a detuned filter has a series connected capacitor and reactor. The capacitor terminal voltage varies with respect to the tuning factor (%p) of the reactor. Tuning factor (%p) is the ratio of inductive impedance to the capacitive impedance (XL / XC). Common tuning factors of detuned filters are 7% and 14%.


The voltage that appears across the terminals of a capacitor increases the moment an inductor is connected in series. This can be illustrated by the below phasor:

Selection of capacitors

VS: System Voltage; VC: Voltage across the capacitor; VL: Voltage across the inductor; I: current.


As can be seen from the above figure, VC > VS by an amount VL.


The actual amount of voltage increase can be calculated using the following formula:


VC = Vs/(1-%p/100)

For example, the capacitor terminal voltage with 7% detuned reactor shall be calculated using the above formula:


VC = 400/(1-7/100)


VC = 473V


Hence the rated voltage of the capacitor should be selected as 480 V when used along with 7% reactor.


When 14% reactor is used along with the capacitor, the capacitor terminal voltage,


VC = 440/(1-14/100)


VC = 512V


Here the capacitor should be rated for 525 V when used along with 14% reactor.


Capacitor kVAr selection for both 7% and 14% reactors are given below:

Selection of capacitors for detuned harmonic filter application

Step size and reactor rating (440 V) With 7% detuned reactor With 14% detuned reactor
Capacitor series Capacitor (480 V) Capacitor (525 V) Capacitor series Capacitor (525 V)
1 kVAr LTCCR,LTCCF 1.2 kVAr 1.3 kVAr LTCCR,LTCCF 1.3 kVAr
2 kVAr LTCCR,LTCCF 2.2 kVAr 2.6 kVAr LTCCR,LTCCF 2.6 kVAr
3 kVAr LTCCR,LTCCF 3.3 kVAr 3.9 kVAr LTCCR,LTCCF 3.9 kVAr
4 kVAr LTCCF 4.4 kVAr 5.3 kVAr LTCCF 5.3 kVAr
LTCCR 5 kVAr LTCCR 5 kVAr
5 kVAr LTCCR,LTCCF,LTBCH,LTBCP 5.5 kVAr 6.6 kVAr LTCCR,LTCCF,LTBCH,LTBCP 6.6 kVAr
LTCCN,LTCCU,LTBCU 7.5 kVAr 7.5 kVAr LTCCN,LTCCU,LTBCU 7.5 kVAr
10 kVAr LTCCD,LTBCD,LTCCR,LTBCH,LTBCP 11.1 kVAr 13.2 kVAr LTCCD,LTBCD,LTCCR, LTBCH,LTBCP 13.2 kVAr
LTCCN,LTCCU,LTBCU 12.5 kVAr 12.5 kVAr LTCCN,LTCCU,LTBCU 12.5 kVAr
12.5 kVAr LTCCN,LTCCR,LTBCH,LTCCU,LTBCU 15 kVAr 15 kVAr LTCCN,LTCCR,LTBCH, LTCCU,LTBCU 15 kVAr
LTCCD, LTBCD, LTBCP 13.8 kVAr 16.6 kVAr LTCCD,LTBCD,LTBCP 16.6 kVAr
15 kVAr LTCCN,LTCCR,LTBCH,LTCCU,LTBCU 20 kVAr 20 kVAr LTCCD, LTBCD, LTCCN, LTCCR, LTBCH, LTCCU, LTBCU,LTBCP 20 kVAr
LTBCP,LTCCD,LTBCD 16.6 kVAr LTCCD, LTBCD, LTCCN, LTCCR, LTBCH, LTCCU, LTBCU,LTBCP
20 kVAr LTCCN,LTCCR,LTBCH,LTBCU 25 kVAr 25 kVAr LTCCN,LTCCR,LTBCH,LTBCU 25 kVAr
LTBCP,LTCCD,LTBCD 22.1 kVAr 26.5 kVAr LTCCD,LTBCD,LTBCP 26.5 kVAr
LTCCU 7.5 + 15 kVAr 2 x 12.5 kVAr LTCCU 2 X 12.5 kVAr
25 kVAr LTCCD,LTBCD,LTCCR,LTBCH,LTBCP 27.7 kVAr 33.1 kVAr LTCCD, LTBCD, LTCCN, LTCCR, LTBCH, LTBCU, LTBCP 30 kVAr
LTBCU 30 kVAr 33.1 kVAr
LTBCU 25 + 8.33 kVAr
LTBCU 12.5 + 15 kVAr 15 + 20 kVAr LTCCU (10+20) kVAr
50 kVAr LTCCD,LTBCD,LTCCR,LTBCH,LTBCP 2 x 27.7 kVAr 2 x 33.1 kVAr LTCCD, LTBCD, LTCCN, LTCCR, LTBCH, LTBCU, LTBCP 2 x 30 kVAr
LTBCU 2 x 30 kVAr 2 x 33.1 kVAr
LTCCN 4 x 33.1 kVAr
LTCCU 2 x (12.5 + 15) kVAr 2 x (15 + 20) kVAr LTCCU 2 x (10+20) kVAr
100 kVAr LTCCD,LTBCD,LTCCR,LTBCH,LTBCP 4 x 27.7 kVAr 4 x 33.1 kVAr LTCCD, LTBCD, LTCCN, LTCCR, LTBCH, LTBCU, LTBCP 4 x 30 kVAr
LTBCU 4 x 30 kVAr 4 x 33.1 kVAr
LTCCN 4 x (25 + 8.33) kVAr
LTCCU 4 x (12.5 + 15) kVAr 4 x (15 + 20) kVAr LTCCU 4 x (10+20) kVAr

* kVAr selection is based on minimum size required and higher standard rating available

About the Author

author

Abhinav L Purkar,

Manager Product Management & Marketing (PMM)

Abhinav Purkar is a Product Management, Marketing, and Application Engineering professional with over 10 years of experience in the Power Quality domain. He has extensive expertise in power quality analysis, harmonic mitigation, reactive power compensation, energy efficiency, and electrical system optimization, helping customers improve system reliability and operational performance. With proven experience in product lifecycle management, market development, portfolio growth, and go-to-market strategy, Abhinav has successfully driven initiatives that enhance customer value and strengthen market presence. His strong technical foundation, combined with strategic business acumen, enables him to bridge the gap between customer requirements and innovative product offerings.

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